How Do Small Children Learn Their First Language

How do small children learn their first language? Discuss some environmental factors and internal factors involved in language acquisition. â€Å"Children are extremely perceptive and absorb what goes on around them long before they can talk or even comprehend the language†. -Theodore Isaac Rubin, psychiatrist and author. But, have you ever thought about how children learn their first language. Do they certainly learn by absorbing what they hear around them or is there more to that? Maybe we do not give enough credit to the brain and how it functions when it comes to learning a native language. Children learn by imitation, analogy, reinforcement, and structure input. However, are these factors enough to explain how kids learn their native language? As we all know language can be extremely complicated, still young children are able to master this skill at a very young age. They might not speak it or express themselves like an adult would but by the age of five they are completely understandable. However, if children do not memorize sentences and no one teaches them the language grammar how are they able to learn the language in such a short period of time? There are theories that try to explain how this is possible. Some think that children extract the rules of the language they hear around them. Therefore, no matter the language a kid is exposed to they will be able to learn the language until puberty. Meanwhile, other linguists believe that children are born with a brainShow MoreRelatedThe s Theory On Language Acquisition Essay1365 Words   |  6 Pagesexposed to extreme brightness, one of the most unique human instincts is language. Language is the system in which humans can communicate amongst each other, an incredible phen omenon, and yet for many years psychologists and scientists have yet to come up with one set theory as to how we acquire the languages we have. There are two fundamentally different theories on language acquisition that I will be presenting, the first by linguist Noam Chomsky and the second by psychologist B.F Skinner. ToRead MoreThe First Type Of Communication1348 Words   |  6 Pages 1. The first type of communication in infants is reflexive this includes movement, crying, and facial expressions. The first type of vocalization that is non crying is the infants cooing. Cooing makes up a variety of speech sounds like oooooooh, eeeeeeeeh, and aaaah. These are sometimes produced accidently. The infant is not born to intentionally produce sounds. The infant when practicing can eventually can produce the speech sounds of their native language, but they have reinforcement to accomplishRead MoreHow Do People Learn (Language)?829 Words   |  4 PagesHow do people learn (language)? How we teach language should be based on how people learn language.  Ã‚   Do we learn language the way we learn everything?   Or is there some special way our brains learn language?   Today we will talk about some of the hypotheses which have been suggested for how people learn (in general) and learn language (in particular).      This child has learned sign-language from his parents – but how?   NATURE vs. NURTURE    People who argue for language learning by NATURERead MoreThe Montessori Method Of Education By Observing Behaviors1674 Words   |  7 PagesDr. Maria Montessori developed the Montessori Method of education by observing behaviors in young children which formed the foundation of her educational method. Montessori method is a child-centered educational approach based on scientific clarifications of children from birth to adulthood. Dr. Montessori’s Method has been time tested, with over 100 years of success in diverse cultures throughout the world. It is a view of the child as one who is naturally eager for knowledge and capable of initiatingRead MoreThe Problem Of Learning Languages1092 Words   |  5 Pageslearning languages is very important in the contemporary world. Foreign languages are socially demanded especially at present time when the progress of science and technology gas led to an explosion of knowledge and has contributed to an overflow of information. The total knowledge of mankind is known to double every 7 years. Foreign languages are needed as the main and the most efficient means of information exchange of the people on our planet. On the base of the first (native) language people chooseRead MoreLinguistic Nativism: There’s Something Between the Ears Language is something that humans use and1300 Words   |  6 PagesLinguistic Nativism: There’s Something Between the Ears Language is something that humans use and encounter every day. Whether it be writing a paper, reading an email, talking to your best friend on the phone, or asking someone for directions, the use of language is broad and heavily intertwined with experiencing the world in the human condition. But the question of how humans come from being silent babies to speaking children is still unanswered. Linguistic nativism is one theory that addressesRead MoreVolunteering At North Elementary And I Am Working Through The Refugee Development Center1491 Words   |  6 Pagesworking through the Refugee Development Center. The children that I am working with are named Rofaida and Khalid, whose first language is Arabic. The first time I met the two I was very excited to see them and get to know a little bit about them. However, during their snack time when they first came in I noticed that they were very rambunctious and were often yelling at eachother in their native language. I was a little put o ff by them at first, just because I did not know if they would be able toRead MoreEssay on The Power of Words1029 Words   |  5 PagesThe Power of Words Communication and language are not always synonymous. Gesticulations and facial expression can convey certain messages that often make verbal expression unnecessary. Although I appreciate the endless possibilities that are associated with speaking, our primary means of communication, I have discovered that the human capacity for speech might not be as extremely innate as the linguist Noam Chomsky claimed. A few years ago, I had the privilege of encountering a thirty-five year-oldRead MoreThe Procedure Of Language Learning Of The Infants1402 Words   |  6 Pagesin a foreign language that they studied in a U.S. classroom,† states Amelia Friedman in The Atlantic. â€Å"That’s noteworthy considering that in 2008 almost all high schools in the country – 93 percent – offered foreign languages† (Friedman). This has resulted in, as Brad Marshall, a teaching fellow of languages and literatures, notes, [the] widespread belief that adults will inevitably have problems and will certainly never become fluent, while children are supposed to pick up languages with ease.Read MoreBilingual Education for Children1219 Words   |  5 Pagesto learn a certain language. They stress that anybody can learn a new language at whatever age. Others do argue that using bilinguals is prepositioning the child on a wrong footing on how to learn the first language and the second language. Whether this people have a point or not is the major point of writing this paper. One thing bilingual education critics forget is that people come from different backgrounds that have differing cultures and language. If everybody was to speak his language, then

Project Management Principles Of A Project Manager Essay

1. Introduction Construction projects have always been a very important part of human civilisation. For handling a construction project there need men, money, machinery, material and management. The project would be successful when the project manager has these five variables under control. The key to project success is to pick the right project manager. A right project manager is the person who manages the triple constraints (cost, quality and time), scope and safety for the project to be planned in a correct way. A project manager should be capable of satisfying customer needs. Keeping clients satisfaction as a key goal, he should follow the project management principles. As the company wants to employ a project manager this report involves the key factors a project manager (builder) needs. It also addresses the roles and responsibilities of a site manager and project manager by using the project management principles overview which is applicable for this project. 2. Project phases The methods of project management can be applied to plan and design the project management process. Describing the project management process by defining its objectives and by defining its deliverables, makes possible to measure the quality of the project manager. The five stages of project management process are: a) Initiating: The first stage of project phases is initiating. This stage involves establishment of project charter which includes purpose, scope, objectives and deliverables ofShow MoreRelatedManagement and Project1498 Words   |  6 Pages Project Human Resource Management (DAPM07T) Assignment 03 Portfolio of Evidence Table of Contents Contents 1 Introduction 3 2 Project Scope 3 2.1 Project Statement 3 3 Project Objectives. 3 4 Matrix Organisation and responsibilities 4 5 Project title and responsibilities 4 5.1 Project Team 5 5.2 Roles Of the project team 5 5.2.1 Project Manager 5 5.2.2 Project sponsor 6 5.2.3 Contractor Construction 6 5.2.4 Project engineers 6 5.2.5 Project Coordinator 6 5.2.6 ContractorRead MoreItm533 It Project, Logistics, and Contract Management1215 Words   |  5 PagesITM533 IT Project, Logistics, and Contract Management Summer 07 Module 1 Case Assignment Dr. Kathleen Hargiss Project management is definitely more art than science. Project teams consist of people and no two people, personalities, or skill sets are the same. This is the project manager’s blessing and curse. Given the 14 Key Principles for Project Management Success (Greer 1999), no two project managers will interpret these principles the same, nor will they execute their duties with equalRead MoreEssay on project management1748 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ Project Charter Colorado Spring Welcome Home Parade QI CHEN Project Management January 24, 2015 Abstract This project charter is planned to help O’Donnell O’Donnell LLP who will lead the project management team take place the parade smoothly. This parade for welcoming home troops will be organized in Colorado Spring which has a long history of military. 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When EVM is implemented on a project, there are significant benefits to the project manager and the customer. Project manager benefits include increased visibility and control to proactively respond to issues that can impact project schedule, cost and objectives. Customer benefits include increase confidence in the PM’s ability to manage the project and track the progress of their project. Additionally, EVM provides a wealth

Psych Assignment Free Essays

As an international student at JIM from Kuwait, I get a lot of follow-up questions and surprised looks when asked where I’m from. Over time, I have received a wide-range of questions but I am almost always asked about my experience Of living in an Arab country. This past weekend, someone jokingly asked me if my dad owned oil mines and camels in Kuwait, which got me thinking, is this because of the various stereotypes associated with the Arab community in America? Since ASSAI is an Indian association, it is obvious that membership is limited to those who are Indian. We will write a custom essay sample on Psych Assignment or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, a distinct feature of the association is that many Indians on amp’s believe that ASSAI is a separate clique, and you can only be a part of it if you have friends in the association already. A unique type of grouping is at play here; just being Indian is not sufficient to be a part of an Indian cultural organization. Some social psychology concepts that are applicable to this phenomenon include self-censorship, which is the tendency to withhold information or opinions in-group discussions. Evaluation apprehension, defined as people’s concern about how they might appear in the eyes of others or, in other words, about being evaluated can be applied here as well. Identification is the perceived loss of individuality and personal responsibility that can occur when someone participates as part of a group. It can have both positive as well as negative effects, for instance, cause a person to be more likely to donate a large amount of money to charity, but also cause them to be more likely to engage in mob violence. Group cohesiveness is the strength of the liking and commitment group members have toward each other and to the group. The social psychology concept of stereotypes; generalizations about groups of people in which certain traits re assigned to virtually all members of the groups, regardless of actual variation among the members, is illustrated in the second phenomenon. In fact, a report titled â€Å"100 Years of Anti-Arab and Anti-Muslim stereotyping† specifies the three B syndrome’ (Bombers, belly dancers or billionaires) in the Arab community, in reference to Arab men being portrayed as terrorists or as wealthy oilmen and Arab women being portrayed as sex objects. Racism, defined as an individual’s prejudicial attitudes and discriminatory behavior toward people of a given race, is a feature of this phenomenon. Stereotype threat, which means being at risk of confirming, as self-characteristic, a negative stereotype about one’s group, is a social psychological concept applied here too. Victims of stereotyping can suffer from attribution ambiguity, not knowing whether performance feedback is genuine or based on their group membership. One of my friends on board of ASSAI told me about how their board meetings worked: everyone seemed to agree to whatever the President had to say and this was very strange to her, since ideally they should discuss issues from every possible point view, rather Han a skewed, one-dimensional view in which people withhold their opinions. This sounded a lot like self-censorship to me. Evaluation apprehension is also relevant since choosing to be a part of it, or not, is almost completely based on how others will view you- whether you want to be a part of the ‘clique’ of people that is ASSAI, or not. Most social organizations have many traits that make them conducive to identification. In the case of ASSAI, identification may not seem as extreme as fraternities or sororities in which members wear clothing marked with their â€Å"letters†, but strong drive towards group cohesiveness does exist. In fact, many Indians on campus actually believe that ASSAI is a ‘cult’, a group of people that is always seen together, no matter what. Following the September 1 1, 2001 attacks in the United States, discrimination and reclaimed violence has markedly increased against Arab Americans. This is also reflected in common stereotypes that Arabs are ‘barbaric, oil-rich sheikhs’ or more extreme ones believing that all Arabs are terrorists/villains. In light of these, some Arabs suffer from stereotype threat, and hence they might hide their wealth or tatty because they are afraid of affirming a stereotype that exists about their group – that all Arabs are rich and Arab women are beautiful, and beauty is all they care about. Such actions might make them feel ashamed of something they should actually be proud of. Attribution ambiguity can lead Arabs to feel uncertainty about whether negative outcomes are due to discrimination against them or their own behavior. In comparison, they might discredit positive feedback as a form of sympathy rather than seeing it as the result of their ability and achievement. How to cite Psych Assignment, Papers

Accounting for Managers Information on Corporate Values

Question: Discuss about the Accounting for Managers for Information on Corporate Values. Answer: 1: A. Calculating the ratios of Nimbin Pty Ltd for 2016: Particulars Nimbin 2016 Industrial Benchmark 2016 Return on Total Assets 15.05% 22% Return on Common Equity 59.89% 20% Profit Margin 7.93% 4% Earnings Per Share 0.599 0.45 Price Earnings Ratio 20 12 Dividend Yield 3.13% 5% Dividend Payout Ratio 63.09% 70% Current Ratio 2.21 2.5 Quick Ratio 0.99 1.3 Receivables Turnover 14.1 13 Inventory Turnover 5.04 6.00 Debt Ratio 52.51% 40% Times Interest Earned Ratio 3.02 6 Assets Turnover 1.90 1.8 Table 1: Showing the overall ratio of Nimbin Pty Ltd for 2016 (Source: As created by the author) B. Commenting on the Profitability, Liquidity and use of financial gearing ratios conducted by the company: Figure 1: Showing the profitability ratio of Nimbin Pty Ltd for 2016 (Source: As created by the author) Figure 2: Showing the liquidity ratio of Nimbin Pty Ltd for 2016 (Source: As created by the author) Figure 3: Showing the financial gearing ratio of Nimbin Pty Ltd for 2016 (Source: As created by the author) With the help of figure 1, 2 and 3, the overall financial position of Nimbin Pty Ltd could be effectively compared with the industry standard. In addition, the overall profitability ratio of the company mainly indicates that only return on total assets of the company is not adequate compared to industry standard. However, return on common equity and profit margin of the company is adequately higher than the industry standard depicting the effective management conducted by the company (Enqvist et al. 2014). In addition, Nimbin has low current and quick ratio as compared to industry standard, which might be due to low asset accumulation conducted by the company. In addition, in term of interest earned the company is not adequate as compared to the industry standard. Owolabi and Obida (2012) stated that investors are able to determine ability of the company by evaluating its liability ratio and analyse its overall current asset deficit. In addition, the debt ratio of Nimbin Pty Ltd is higher than industrial benchmark, indicating that the company is prone to bankruptcy if its profits declined. Khidmat and Rehman (2014) stated that investors by evaluating the companys debt ratio are able to obtain information, which might help in reducing their risk from investment. 2: a) Explaining the impact of hotel assets on its balance sheet: After the in-depth analysis of the scenario, it could be concluded that the chef is indeed than asset of the restaurant, but it could not be listed in the balance sheet. Moreover, the chef being a person is not owned by the restaurant and as per the rules of the accounting, it could not be listed in the balance sheet. However, in the balance sheet only the brand value of the restaurant could be noted in the good will section. As suggested by Jimenez and Ongena (2012), balance sheet mainly comprises of items, which could be valued in term of money. On the other hand, Benes et al. (2015) criticises that companies to portray wrong financial statement uses accounting loopholes such as good will valuation. b) Evaluating the impact of accounting information system that helps managers to make adequate economic coercions: Manager of human resource: In the time of economic crisis human resource managers mainly uses the accounting information to evaluate the overall expenditure of the company and effectively sack employees to maintain a profitable position. In addition, accounting measures mainly help the human resource manager to depict the adequate salary to new recruit, which might help in maintaining both profitability and productivity of the company. Demski (2013) argued that inflated balance sheet mainly reduces the efficiency of the decision-making system, which might be used by managers of the company. Factory manager: The manager of a factor mainly uses the accounting information to depict the expenditure, which might be conducted to maintain productivity. In addition, the accounting information mainly helps in depicting the overall cost of production for each unit that is being produced in the factory. With the help of this adequate information, the factory manager is able to maintain the required working capital to support productivity level of the company. Ismail and King (2014) stated that effective evaluation of cost mainly helps the manager to contribute the required funds in its production facility. Furthermore, the factory manager with the help of accounting information is able to implement strategies like zero based budgeting system and activity based budgeting system to control cost and reduce its overall production expenditure. In this context, Abiodun (2012) argued that as zero based budgeting system increases the overall of the company and thus is not used by small and medium scale investors. Australian Football League manager: Australian Football league manager mainly uses the accounting information to evaluate the overall expenditure on players and income generated from played games. In addition, the manager also uses the accounting information to purchase new players, which might contribute to the team and fit within budget. Furthermore, the manager also uses the information to sell its over rated players make profits, which could be used in purchasing other players. Collier (2015) stated that accounting information mainly helps the manager to evaluate the overall expenses and income generated during the fiscal year. Second hand clothing charity manager: In addition, the second hand clothing charity manager mainly uses the accounting information to evaluate the number of second hand clothing collected from donors and distributed among volunteers. Moreover, manager with the help of accounting information is able to evaluate the overall number of clothing collected and sold to collect fund for the charity. Bhattacharya et al. (2013) stated that accounting information mainly helps in managers to analyses the overall efficiency of the company. In addition, the adequate adoption of accoutring system might help the manger depict the number overall increase and decrease in collection of second hand clothing during the fiscal year. c) Depicting the impact of transactions conducted on financial position, performance and cash flow statement of the company: (Refer to appendix) Equipment purchased for cash: After the purchase, an increase in fixed assets and decrease in current assets could be seen in the financial position statement. Moreover, a decrease in statement of cash flow could be seen after the purchase transaction. Receiving payments within 40 days after providing services to the client: Furthermore, in the statement of financial position, a decrease in current assets and liabilities could be seen. However, an increase in income in the statement of financial performance could be seen after the commencement of the transaction. Paying liabilities: Moreover, a decrease in statement of cash flow could be seen after payment of the liability. Furthermore, in the statement of financial position, both current assets and liabilities will be decreased after the payment of the liability. Owner investing additional cash into the business: After the transaction, an increase in current assets and equity in the financial position section could be evaluated. Moreover, an increase in cash flow statement could also be seen after receiving cash. Collecting cash in account receivable: This transaction will only be recorded in cash flow statement, which in turn increases the overall cash flow of the company. In addition, an increase in cash might eventually help the company to maintain high liquidity. Paying wages to employees: This transaction affects financial position, performance and cash flow statement of the company. In addition, in the financial position section a decrease in current assets could be seen. Moreover, in financial performance an increase in expenses could also be seen. Furthermore, an increase in cash flow statement could be seen after the transaction. Paying within 30 days the received electricity bill in mail: In addition, in the financial position section an increase in current liabilities could be seen. Moreover, in financial performance an increase in expenses could also be seen after the electricity bill is been paid. Selling a piece of equipment for cash: Moreover, after the sales in an increase in current assets and decrease in fixed assets could be seen in the financial position statement of the company. In addition, in the cash flow statement an increase in cash could be seen after the commencement of the transaction. Owner for private use withdrawing: The transaction will have a negative effect on financial position and cash flow statement of the company. In addition, in financial position a decrease in current assets and equity could be seen. Moreover, a decrease in cash flow statement could be seen after commencement of the transaction. On long-term basis borrowing money from a bank: This transaction increases financial position and cash flow statement of the company. In addition, in the financial position section an increase in current assets and non-current liabilities could be seen. Furthermore, an increase in cash flow statement could be seen after the transaction. Reference: Abiodun, B.Y., 2012. Significance of accounting information on corporate values of Firms in Nigeria.Research Journal in Organizational Psychology Educational Studies 1 (2),1(2), pp.105-113. Benes, J., Berg, A., Portillo, R.A. and Vavra, D., 2015. Modeling sterilized interventions and balance sheet effects of monetary policy in a New-Keynesian framework.Open Economies Review,26(1), pp.81-108. Bhattacharya, N., Desai, H. and Venkataraman, K., 2013. Does earnings quality affect information asymmetry? Evidence from trading costs.Contemporary Accounting Research,30(2), pp.482-516. Collier, P.M., 2015.Accounting for managers: Interpreting accounting information for decision making. John Wiley Sons. Demski, J., 2013.Managerial uses of accounting information. Springer Science Business Media. Enqvist, J., Graham, M. and Nikkinen, J., 2014. The impact of working capital management on firm profitability in different business cycles: Evidence from Finland.Research in International Business and Finance,32, pp.36-49. Hales, J. and Orpurt, S.F., 2013. A review of Academic Research on the Reporting of Cash Flows from Operations.Accounting Horizons,27(3), pp.539-578. Ismail, N.A. and King, M., 2014. Factors influencing the alignment of accounting information systems in small and medium sized Malaysian manufacturing firms.Journal of Information Systems and Small Business,1(1-2), pp.1-20. Jimnez, G. and Ongena, S., 2012. Credit supply and monetary policy: Identifying the bank balance-sheet channel with loan applications.The American Economic Review,102(5), pp.2301-2326. Khidmat, W. and Rehman, M., 2014. Impact of liquidity and solvency on profitability chemical sector of Pakistan.Economics Management Innovation,6(3), pp.34-67. Kroes, J.R. and Manikas, A.S., 2014. Cash flow management and manufacturing firm financial performance: A longitudinal perspective.International Journal of Production Economics,148, pp.37-50. Owolabi, S.A. and Obida, S.S., 2012. Liquidity management and corporate profitability: Case study of selected manufacturing companies listed on the Nigerian stock exchange.Business Management Dynamics,2(2), pp.10-25.